Notation

Notation#

Throughout these notebooks a consistent notation shall be used as far as possible.

Symbol(s)

Description

Space

\(\Omega\)

domain

\(\partial\Omega\)

domain boundary

\(\partial\Omega_{\text{B}}\subset\partial\Omega\)

subset of the domain boundary for a boundary type \(\text{B}\)

\(\text{d}\Omega\)

integration measure over the cells

\(\text{d}\Gamma\)

integration measure over the cell facets

\(\textbf{e}_x, \textbf{e}_y, \textbf{e}_z\)

unit vectors

\(\textbf{x}=\begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z\end{pmatrix} = x\textbf{e}_x + y\textbf{e}_y + z\textbf{e}_z\)

spatial coordinates

\(~\)

Time

\(t\)

time

\(\Delta t\)

time-step

\(t^n\)

time at the \(n^{\text{th}}\) time-level

\(\mathcal{D}\)

finite difference operator

\(\mathcal{D}_{u,w,\dots}=\mathcal{D}_u\circ\mathcal{D}_w\dots\)

argument-wise finite difference operator

\(\mathscr{D}^{\text{IM}}_u\)

the set of all finite difference operators that are explicit with respect to \(u\)

\(\mathscr{D}^{\text{EX}}_u\)

the set of all finite difference operators that are explicit with respect to \(u\)

\(\text{FE}\)

forward Euler finite difference operator

\(\text{BE}\)

backward Euler finite difference operator

\(\text{CN}\)

Crank-Nicolson finite difference operator

\(\text{AB}_n\)

order \(n\) Adams-Bashforth finite difference operator

\(\text{AM}_n\)

order \(n\) Adams-Moulton finite difference operator

\(~\)

Partial differential equations

\(\mathscr{L}_{\textbf{x}}\)

spatial differential operator

\(\mathscr{L}_{\textbf{x},t}\)

spatial and temporal differential operator

\(\mathbb{BVP}_u\)

boundary value problem to solve for \(u\)

\(\mathbb{IBVP}_u\)

initial boundary value problem to solve for \(u\)

\(\mathbb{IVP}_u\)

initial value problem to solve for \(u\)

\(\mathbb{EVP}_u\)

eigenvalue problem to solve for \(u\)

\(\mathbb{S}_u\)

specification of a problem solving for \(u\)

\(u_0\)

initial condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{D}\)

Dirichlet boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{E}\)

essential boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{N}\)

Neumann or natural boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{S}\)

strong boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{W}\)

weak boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{I}\)

inflow boundary condition on \(u\)

\(u_\text{R}\)

Robin boundary condition on \(u\)

\(~\)

Finite element method

\(\mathscr{T}\)

tesselation of the domain

\(\bigcup_{\mathcal{K}} \mathcal{K}\)

union of cells forming the mesh

\(h\)

local cell size

\(\mathcal{F}\)

set of cell facets

\(\mathcal{V}\)

set of cell vertices

\(V_u\)

trial function space to which \(u\) belongs

\(\hat{V}_v\)

test function space to which \(v\) belongs

\(\xi_j(\mathbf{x})\)

finite element basis functions

\(\sum_jU_j\xi_j\)

finite element approximation

\(\{U_j\}_j\leftrightarrow\textbf{U}\)

degrees of freedom vector

\(L^2(\Omega)\)

Lebesgue function space on the domain \(\Omega\)

\(H^1(\Omega)\)

Sobolev function space on the domain \(\Omega\)

\(C^0(\Omega)\)

set of continuous functions on the domain \(\Omega\)

\(\mathrm{P}_k\)

continuous Lagrange element of degree \(k\)

\(\mathrm{DP}_k\)

discontinuous Lagrange element of degree \(k\)

\(\mathrm{BDM}_k\)

Brezzi–Douglas–Marini element of degree \(k\)

\(\mathcal{R}\)

residual of the equation

\(\left[\!\left[ \cdot \right]\!\right]\)

cell facet jump operator

\(\{\cdot\}\)

cell facet average operator

\(\tau_{\text{SUPG}}\)

SUPG stabilization parameter

\(\alpha_{\text{DG}}\)

DG penalty parameter

\(\alpha_{\text{W}}\)

weak enforcement penalty parameter

\(\mathcal{E}\)

the error in the numerical solution

\(\mathbb{F}_{u,w\dots}\)

sequence of weak forms solving for \(u,w\dots\)

\(~\)

General mathematics

\(u, v, \dots\)

scalar quantity

\(\textbf{u}, \textbf{v}, \dots\)

vector quantity

\(\textbf{u} = \begin{pmatrix} u_x \\ u_y \\ u_z\end{pmatrix}=u_x\textbf{e}_x + u_y\textbf{e}_y + u_z\textbf{e}_z\)

vector quantity components

\(\mathsf{U}, \mathsf{V}, \dots\)

tensor quantity

\(\mathsf{U} = \begin{pmatrix} U_{xx} & U_{xy} & U_{xz} \\ U_{yx} & U_{yy} & U_{yz} \\ U_{zx} & U_{zy} & U_{zz} \end{pmatrix} \)

tensor quantity components

\(\dfrac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}\)

ordinary derivative operator

\(\partial_x = \dfrac{\partial}{\partial x}\)

partial derivative operator

\(\nabla = (\partial_x, \partial_y, \partial_z)\)

gradient operator

\(\mathbf{n}\)

outward unit normal vector

\(\mathrm{H}\)

Heaviside step function

\(\mathsf{I}\)

identity tensor

\(\det\)

matrix determinant

\(\min_{\mathbf{x} \in \Omega}\)

minimum over the domain \(\Omega\)

\(\max_{\mathbf{x} \in \Omega}\)

maximum over the domain \(\Omega\)

\(\mathrm{vol}(\Omega)\)

volume of domain \(\Omega\)

\(\langle \cdot \rangle_{\Omega}\)

space-averaging over the domain \(\Omega\)

\(\overline{\;\cdot\;}^{[t,t']}\)

time-averaging over interval \([t,t']\)

\(\mathbb{R}\)

the set of real numbers

\(\mathbb{C}\)

the set of complex numbers

\(~\)

Fluid mechanics

\(\textbf{u}\)

velocity

\(p\)

pressure

\(\psi\)

streamfunction

\(\boldsymbol{\omega}\)

vorticity

\(\rho\)

fluid density

\(\mu\)

fluid viscosity

\(\textbf{f}\)

body force

\(\tau\)

deviatoric stress

\(\phi\)

porosity

\(\mathsf{K}\)

permeability

\(c\)

solute concentration

\(\theta\)

temperature

\(\mathsf{D}\)

solutal dispersion

\(\mathsf{G}\)

thermal dispersion

\(g\)

gravity constant

\(\,{\textbf{e}}_g\)

gravity unit vector

\(~\)

Acronyms

PDE

partial differential equation

ODE

ordinary differential equation

DNS

direct numerical simulation

CG

continuous Galerkin

DG

discontinuous Galerkin

SUPG

streamline-upwind Petrov–Galerkin

CFL

Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy